Obstruction is a rule violation where a defender unfairly limits the movement or vision of an opponent. This happens when a player is within 0.9 meters of the ball carrier and interferes with play. It also applies to players without the ball if they block an opponent’s path using their arms. The rule encourages players to use their positioning and speed rather than physical size to defend. A center is penalized for obstruction after waving their arms too close to the passer’s face. The goal of the rule is to keep the game safe and maintain a high tempo. Players must focus on staying active with their feet to find a legal defensive position. One real-world example shows a defender being sidelined for a moment after crowding an attacking player.
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