A ball change is the official process of swapping out old tennis balls for a new set. This happens at regular intervals to maintain a consistent level of play for both athletes. Used balls become soft and heavy, which changes how they react to the racquet strings.
When the ball change occurs, the chair umpire makes a loud announcement to the stadium. The ball crew then gathers all the old balls and brings out unopened cans. This ensures that the equipment does not become a factor in who wins or loses. New balls travel through the air much faster because the felt is still smooth and tight.
For example, a player might change their strategy to be more aggressive right after a ball change. They know the fresh equipment will help them hit more powerful and effective serves. It is a subtle but important turning point in the momentum of a match.
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