By the Wind Meaning in Sailing

By the wind describes a sailing direction where the boat moves as close to the wind as possible. The sails are pulled in very tight to create lift and move the boat forward. This angle allows the vessel to travel toward the direction the breeze is coming from. The boat often leans to one side because of the lateral pressure of the moving air. This point of sail requires constant adjustment of the rudder to maintain a steady course. An example involves a sailor trimming the mainsail flat to sail toward a northern point. The boat travels at a sharp angle to the wind while the crew sits windward. This technique allows the boat to reach a destination that is directly upwind of the start. Sailors must balance the speed of the boat with the angle to avoid stopping completely. Efficiency in this position determines how quickly a boat can complete a race or journey. It is often called beating or sailing close-hauled by professional racing crews.